Method of producing selective designs on enamel ware



May 9, 1933- A. E. FELL'NER vMETHOD 0E PRQDUCING sELEo'TIvE DESIGNS oNENAMEL'WARE Filed March 18, 1951 HTroE/VEX Patented .May 9, 1933 a1,907,771

UNITED STATES PATENToi-'FICE ALPHONSE E. FELLNER, OF BELLEVILLE,ILLINOIS METHOD F P'RODUCING SELECTIVE DESIGNS 0N ENAMEL WAREApplication ledlarch 18, 193i. Serial No. 523,526.

The object of my invention is to devise the process ofbeing rolledoverthe plate in a method of producing selected designs on. thedirection'shown by the arrow and picking enamel ware, particularly suchas used on up the mixture of powdered enamel and oil gas ranges andtable tops, etc. from the etched design portion of the plate Among themore specific objects of my into the roller. 55

vention are to produce enamel ware .having Fig. 9 shows an enameledpanel, the lower` any desired design and made in'imitation of crosssection portion representing the sheet" any material, Such as Wood 0rmarble, and metl. pOItlOIl and the Smaller CIOSS SeCilOl'l which permitsof great latitude of detail in POIIOII at the top, the enamel. In thisfigure lo finishing the finer'portionsl of the design, and the rollershown in Fig. 8 is being rolled over '60 which'permits the production ofan embossed the enameled surface of the plate in the direcdesign andshading in color and design by tion shownb the arrow, thereby removingthe production of high and low lights, and the COatlIlg 0 pOWderedenamel and oil from which permits the production of very fine the IOllerand placing it on the enameled line graining eects. P1811?- 65 Withthese and other objects in view my- F1a-10 deslgnates a plan view 0f afinished invention has relation to certain novel feaenameled pleteShowing the desired deslgll tures of construction and arrangement ofPlaced thereon and ready to be baked in an parts and mode of operation,which will be Oven t0 Secure its permanence and solidity hereinafterclaimed and more fully described The deSCI'lPtlOll 0f the flz'llles t0 eVely 70 in the-drawing in which large extent describe the process. Inmore Fig. 1 shows an initial plate of eitherI glass detalla the PIOQESSS the fOllOWiIlgI or steel used in my process, A plate of either glassor steel, preferably Fig. Qshows a longitudinal sectionalelevarectangular ln SllePe end large enough fol' a tion of the plate Sedin Fig. 1 with a. .pig complete design, is used. This plate isplacedment, such as asphalt paintapplied thereon. hollzohtally 0h a table andPalhted thor" Fig- 3 is a plan View of Fig. 2 Showing a oughly with areasonably thick coating of design cut or scratched in the pigment.Pel'nt- Palllt must he used that 1s hlt af* Fig. 4 is a plan view ofFig. 3 with aborder feeted by hydlellllolle d eld Such a Palnt 1S of theplate framed with putty or other simiasphalt Palht The Pellll'I 1SPelmtted t0 8 lar material, so as to confine a liquid and with dry' Wlhha hhfe or other Shairp tool. the I a liquid within the connes of theframe7 desired design is cut or scratched in the paint completelycovering the surface of the ex- Cheung 0h the Plate-I, The Plate 1S theneX" .posed plata posed where the design is cut or scratched. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal sectional elevation The deslgh as made 1S ShOWh 1h Flg; 3It of the plate illustrated in Fig.` 4 showing the how becomes hechssaryto ehhh the leslgh that etching effect of the acid that is usedon thehas been made 1h the Palht Coatmg 1h the plate on the designed portion.Plete- This le delle, as folleWS Fig. 6 shows the plate with the framere- A Well 0f Putty 0f SlmlleleubSPelCe thee 90 moved and the designetched thereon is not affected by hydrofluoric acid 1s built Fig. 7 isan enlarged fragmental sectional 1P al-:Ollhd the edges 0f the Plate,Practically elevation of Fig. 6 showing the process of ffemlng 1t TlllSWell 111113.15 be made S0 that distributing a mixture of'powdered enamellt 1S 'e belllel' egal-St llq l11d when tlllSplS and oil over the plateon to the etched por'- eCCOmPllSlled, llydl'elluolle eeld 1S poured 0ntions, but not on the elevated unetched porthe Plate Wlthlh the bel'lelaS0 es t0 00mtion, 'between the design. pletely coverrthe plate withinthe barrier.

Fig. 8 shows the plate 7 after' the etched The acid is permitted toremain in this posiportions have been filled with the mixture of` tionuntil the chemical reaction takes place powdered enamel and oil and alsoa transbetween the glass or metal and the acid thereverse sectionalelevation of a rubber roller in by etching the metal or glass where thelatter.

'process has been completed, the hydrofiuoric acid is removed. and theframe barrier is removed, as well as the paint that was applied to theplate in the initial process. The plate is then 'thoroughly washed andcleaned. This .plate may be used repeatedly in the subsequent process.This plate represents the key or match plate of the process. In otherWords, the artistry required to make the design is not subsequentlynecessary. y The next step in ythe process 1s to apply a mixture ofpowdered enamel and oil to the etched surface of the plate. This is doneby placing a heap of the mixture of powdered enamel and oil at one edgeof the plate. This heap is designated by the numeral 11 in Fig. 7.Numeral 12 Vdesignates a scraper having the sharp edge 13 and of thesame or slightly greater width than the width of the plate 14.

.The scraper 12 is scraped in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 7across the length of the plate 14, with the heap -11 immediately behindit. By this means the mixture of powdered enamel and' oil fills theetched depressions of the plate 14, but does not cover the unetchedportions of the plate 14, because lin the process of scraping thescraper 12 removes the mixture of powdered enamel and oil from the highspots or areas, but permits necessary the depressions to be filled up.

The next step involves the use of the rubber roller 15 having the axle16. The rubber roller 15 is made of solid spongy rubber, which is veryresilient. The rubber roller 15 is at least as wide as the plate 14, butpreferably not agreat deal wider. The axle 16 vextends beyond the rubberroller 15 on both sides.

The next step involves transferring the design from the plate `14 to therubber-'roller 15, that is it involves transferring the mixture ofpowdered enamel and oil from the etched depressions of the plate 14 tothe surface of the rubber roller 15. The circumference of the roller 15must be at least as long as the plate 14 and preferably not a great deallonger. The roller is placed as shown in Fig. 8 at 'one end of the plate14. Pressure is then applied on the axle 16 and the rubber roller 15rolled to the left in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 8, until onecomplete revolution of the roller has been made. In this step in theprocess, it is highly that the rollery be not permitted to slide. InFig. 8 the roller 15 is shown in `about its intermediate positionbetween the ends of the plate 14. The mixture of powdered enamel 'andoil adheresto the rubber roller, andJ on account of the pressure on therubber roller all of the mixture is removed from the etched depressionsin the plate 14. That is to say the design has been transferred from theplate 14 to the lateral surface of the rubber roller 15. It is to benoted that the greater the etched depressions the higher the elevationsof the design will be on the rubber roller 15. Y

The process resembles that of wrapping the design around the rubberroller 15.

The next step is to transfer the design from the rubber roller 15 tothe' plate 17. The plate 17 is enameled as shown at` 18 in its completedform before the design is transferred from the roller 15. The roller isplaced at one end of the plate 17 as it was on the plate 14 and rolledin thedirection indicated by the arrow in Fig. 9, under pressure appliedto the axle 16 until the entire design is pasted or stuck on the plate17. It is likewise necessary in this operation that the roller be notpermitted to slip. This operation resembles an unwinding of the designfrom the roller 15 and laying it flatly on the plate 17. The plate 17 isthen placed in an oven and the design baked on just as all enamel isbaked` on metal. When removed, from the enameling oven and permitted todry, the plate 17 will assume the appearance shown in Fig. 10. Withinthe limitations necessarily existing in an inked drawing, Fig. 1() showsthe delicacy of design, which is permitted. If the' stance of whichtheblank plate is made, y

scraping or cutting a desired design in the substances on the plate andetching the design in the plate by the application of acid, filling thedepressions of the design on said plate with a viscous material,applying the viscous material filling theV depressions of the etcheddesign to a resilient roller by passing the roller over said plate andtransferring the viscous material forming a design from said roller to agiven plate by rolling said roller lover said given plate and thenbaking said given plate.

2. In a method of the character described, making a. master plate, whichconsists in coating a sheet of glass or metal with asphalt paint,carving a design in said paint, after it has dried,'building a confiningwall around @said plate, and covering said plate with hydrofluoric acid,until the exposed portions y of said plate are etched, removing the acidconfining means as well as the acid, and washing the plate, then fillingthe etched depres- 5 sions on said plate with a', mixture of'powderedenamel and oil by scraping a heap of the same across said plate, therebypermitting it to fill the depressions and removing it from theelevations, then transferring the mixture 10 in the design form fromsaid plate to a resilient rubber roller by applying. pressure to theroller and'rolling it from one end of said plate to the other over theetched depressions, then transferring the design from the roller to agiven plate by rolling said roller from one end of said given plate tothe other under v pressure, and then baking the given plate.

In testimoni whereof I ailix. my signature. A PHONSE E. FELLNER.

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